There is a crazy big worm like thing digging a hole in the patio near my front door. I heard it! Then I looked and it is pretty grotesque. I have to find out what it is!
Bryan, Linda and I had a fascinating chat over breakfast.
Bryan used to have a side hustle where he collected sea hares. In particular, the Aplysia californica. I was so curious who was in the market to buy sea hares. They are pretty hard to keep in captivity, so I didn't think it would be aquarists.
It turns out, they needed them for research. What!?!?!
The research was being done in Marine Research Plymouth Alliance in England and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The original work was done on squids, but also on the sea hare.
Research was being done on their neurons. These animals are missing a myelin sheath which is a is a protective, fatty-protein layer that wraps around the long, threadlike part of a nerve cell called the axon. This means that the sea hare has very wide neurons making it very easy to see their nervous system. Researchers are able to put micro electrodes in and see how they are interconnected.
Researchers were able to train the neurons of sea hares. Similar to Pavlov's dogs, they used a rush of water followed by an electrical shock. When the sea hare learned that the water blast meant that a shock was coming, they would proactively retract their gills and mantle.
The researcher could see the neurons biochemical reactions to understand sea hare learning. It was an easy model to use leveraging fluorescent chemical nodules.
This was all happening in the 70s/80s/90s. Sea hares not being used in research as much as used to be.
Bryan would go collecting at low tide every couple weeks. He became really good at knowing exactly what to look for and would collect them by the hundreds. The researchers really wanted similar genetic makeup but it was difficult to breed and raise them in captivity. I have to ask him how much they cost per hare.
Here is a quick summary of the research:
The The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2000 Press Release was awarded to Eric Kandel (along with Arvid Carlsson and Paul Greengard) for his research on the biological basis of memory and cellular learning using the sea hare (Aplysia californica), as detailed on Wikipedia: California sea hare.
Key Details of the Research
Subject: The California sea hare (Aplysia californica), a marine slug with exceptionally large, easily studied nerve cell bodies.
Discovery: Eric Kandel demonstrated that short-term and long-term memory formation in the sea hare occurs at the synapse (known as synaptic plasticity).
Broader Impact: He proved that the cellular and molecular mechanisms behind learning and memory in sea hares are fundamentally the same as those in mammals and humans.
I mentioned to Bryan that I want to go see Terry Gosliner do nudibranch research at the Academy of Sciences near San Francisco, California. Bryan doesn't live too far from there and has a spare room... and is really interested in going too. What!!??! I need to work on planning this.
I spent a quiet morning working on my photos from yesterday and even took a nap before the afternoon dive.
I realized how easy they make things for us here. I literally rolled out of bed at 2pm and we left the dock at 2:30pm. My camera was all ready to go so it was on the boat. I just grabbed my torch and climbed on the boat. I barely got my wetsuit on in time to roll in. I mean, what is better than that?
The afternoon dive was loaded with critters. This is what Lembeh is all about. I got several more nudi species and saw some other cool things too. We were back by 4pm so we had a couple hours before leaving for Blackwater. I think I am going to be brave and change batteries on my torch and focus light in between dives tonight. Yikes!
I also ordered noodles for dinner between dives. Let's see how that turns out.
I changed the battery on my focus light during the surface interval and put them in backwards. So I did not have a focus light on this dive.
Bryan was still asleep on the boat when Linda and I left. I wonder how long they left him there.
There were cookies out for us after the blackwater dives. I went to shower and when I came back they were gone! Ugh. I was devastated. A banana for me. Then my pillow.
Slugs
21 - Doriprismatica atromarginata
22 - Facelinid sp.
23 - Pteraeolidia semperi
24 - Coryphellina sp.
25 - Thecacera pikachu
30 - Chelidonura varians
31 - Goniobranchus sp. (was G. reticulatus)




















































































